FS•45X Family
FS•453, FS•454, FS•455, and FS•456 are TV encoders. They can accept digital video or computer graphic in many different input resolutions and rates, and convert them to high quality analog video.

The FS•455/FS•456 was specifically designed with portable devices in mind. A smaller BGA package and specific design considerations were made to give full programmable load detection and control to minimize power consumption.

There are 5 features that are key to any video encoder. Focus Enhancements has put years of research into each one of them.

Flicker Filters: A significant amount of research went into Focus’ development of its 2D adaptive flicker filter. First, this filter includes 16 levels of flicker reduction. Each level offers a gradual reduction of flicker by increasing the distribution of energy between 3 adjacent lines. None of these levels introduce any artifacts other than the gradual softening caused by the energy distribution.

The second dimension brings sharpness back into the image. This allows the display legibility to be optimized for the content: small or Asian fonts, web pages, presentations, or movies.

Scaling: One of Focus’ most important patents is its scaler technology. This technology provides finely adjustable, totally flat, artifact-free scaling independently in X and Y scale to allow perfect sizing of the output to any television. The FS•45x encoders can display an image accurately while perfectly sizing the image on the TV, without missing lines causing luma distortions, or color shifts.

Scan Conversion: Focus scan converters support a wide range of resolutions and refresh rates. To ensure the very best quality, studio grade timing and broadcast quality PAL and NTSC encoders are used. Focus covers a wide TV resolution spectrum, from NTSC/PAL, through 480p, 720p to 1080i.

Color Conversion: To prevent color rainbows and bleeding on NTSC composite TVs, Y-notch and C-bandpass filters are built into the FS45x family.

Power: The FS•453/4/5/6 were designed with low power battery operation in mind. Significant design considerations were made to give full programmable detection and control to minimize power consumption. In its minimum configuration with clocks, DACs, and PLLs turned off, only the serial i/o remains active to allow device re-activation.

• Programmable 2D scaling
  • Variable horizontal up and down scale
  • Variable vertical up and down scale
  • Output format can be tuned to the exact dimensions of the TV
  • VGA input can be upscaled to fit PAL (720x576)
• Advanced 2D flicker filter
• Studio quality video encoder
• Supports multiple progressive input resolutions
  • Minimum 640x480
  • Maximum 1280 x 1024 (SXGA) HD modes
  • 480p
  • 720p
  • 1080i
• Multiple output formats
  • NTSC, NTSC-EIAJ, PAL-B/G/H/I
  • PAL-M, PAL-N, PAL-60
  • Composite, S-Video
  • RGB SCART with CVBS
  • HD YPrPb
  • SD YPrPb
  • VGA modes through XGA
• Glueless digital interface to display chips
• ITU-R BT.656 studio grade encoder
• 4 assignable 10-bit output D/A converters
• Macrovision 7 compliant
  (FS•454 - FS•456)
• Includes 480p support
• I2C* compatible port controls
• 80 pin PQFP package
• 3.3V, 1.8V operation
• FS•453/454: 14mm X 14mm 80 pin PQFP RoHS compliant lead free (Pg free) package
• FS•455/456: 7mm X 7mm 88 ball FBGA RoHS compliant lead free (Pb free) package

* I2C is a registered trademark of Philips Corporation. The FS•45x series serial I/O bus is similar but not identical to the Philips I2C bus.

FS•45x Block Diagram

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